This lesson provides the essential vocabulary for counting, stating quantities, and discussing order, which is necessary for telling time, saying dates, and handling prices.
1. Lesson Goals
- Count and state amounts from 0 to 100 (Cardinal Numbers).
- Correctly use and spell the main Ordinal Numbers.
- State your age and understand simple prices and phone numbers.
- Use ordinal numbers for sequencing and dates.
2. Introduction: Cardinal Numbers
Greetings, knowledge seekers! I’m your guide, Benjamin Franklin, and today we embark on a journey with numbers—the very foundation of time, trade, and our deepest thoughts.
Let’s start with the basics and build our confidence.
First, let’s master the numbers one through ten.
Say them with me, loud and clear: one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten.
Excellent!
Now, let’s continue to twenty. These are essential for everything from dates to currency.
Repeat after me: eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, and twenty. Wonderful.
Next, we’ll leap forward by counting in tens: thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety, and one hundred.
This skill is vital for measuring money, distance, and time.
Try using numbers in your daily conversations. For example: “I have two books,” or “She is twenty-five years old.” Practice makes perfect!
In our next lesson, we will explore how to rank and order things.
Until then, keep counting! If you found this helpful, please like this video and subscribe for more lessons.
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3. Part A: Cardinal Numbers (Counting and Quantity)
Cardinal numbers tell us how many of something there are. They answer the question, How many?
A.1. Core Vocabulary (0-20)
These numbers are the foundation. Note that the teen numbers (13-19) are different from the ty numbers (30, 40, etc.).
Numbers 0–10:
Zero, One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten
Numbers 11–20:
Eleven, Twelve, Thirteen, Fourteen, Fifteen, Sixteen, Seventeen, Eighteen, Nineteen, Twenty
A.2. Number Pattern After Tens (21-99)
After twenty, the numbers follow a simple pattern. Each group of ten begins with a base (twenty, thirty, forty…) and then adds the endings one through nine, using a hyphen.
| Base Number | +1 | +3 | +9 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | twenty-one | twenty-three | twenty-nine |
| 40 | forty-one | forty-three | forty-nine |
| 90 | ninety-one | ninety-three | ninety-nine |
A.3. Functional Use: Age, Phone, and Price
| Function | Question | Answer Structure |
|---|---|---|
| Age | How old are you? | I am twenty–eight years old. |
| Phone | What’s your phone number? | Say numbers individually:555-09-12 is “five five five – oh nine – one two.” |
| Price | How much is it? | It is eight dollars and fifty cents. |
4. Introduction: Ordinal Numbers
Script Summary: If cardinal numbers count things, ordinal numbers rank them. First, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth—not just numbers, but positions. Let’s learn how to place things in order.
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5. Part B: Ordinal Numbers (Order and Rank)
Ordinal numbers show position or order—not how many, but which one. We use them for rankings, dates, and steps.
B.1. Form: How to Write Ordinal Numbers
The abbreviation is the number plus the last two letters of the ordinal word. Some are irregular (1st, 2nd, 3rd), while most are regular (ending in -th).
Irregular Forms
| Cardinal | Ordinal (Word) | Abbreviation |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | first | 1st |
| 2 | second | 2nd |
| 3 | third | 3rd |
Note: These three are irregular and must be memorized.
Regular Forms (4–20)
| Cardinal | Ordinal (Word) | Abbreviation |
|---|---|---|
| 4 | fourth | 4th |
| 5 | fifth | 5th |
| 6 | sixth | 6th |
| 7 | seventh | 7th |
| 8 | eighth | 8th |
| 9 | ninth | 9th |
| 10 | tenth | 10th |
| 11 | eleventh | 11th |
| 12 | twelfth | 12th |
| 13 | thirteenth | 13th |
| 14 | fourteenth | 14th |
| 15 | fifteenth | 15th |
| 16 | sixteenth | 16th |
| 17 | seventeenth | 17th |
| 18 | eighteenth | 18th |
| 19 | nineteenth | 19th |
| 20 | twentieth | 20th |
Compound Numbers (21+)
After 20, the pattern repeats. The abbreviation follows the last digit of the number:
| Cardinal | Ordinal (Word) | Abbreviation |
|---|---|---|
| 21 | twenty-first | 21st |
| 22 | twenty-second | 22nd |
| 23 | twenty-third | 23rd |
| 24 | twenty-fourth | 24th |
Example: “Her birthday is on the 21st of June.”
Tens (20, 30, 40…)
| Cardinal | Ordinal (Word) | Abbreviation |
|---|---|---|
| 20 | twentieth | 20th |
| 30 | thirtieth | 30th |
| 40 | fortieth | 40th |
| 50 | fiftieth | 50th |
| 60 | sixtieth | 60th |
| 70 | seventieth | 70th |
| 80 | eightieth | 80th |
| 90 | ninetieth | 90th |
| 100 | one hundredth | 100th |
B.2. Functional Use
- Dates: The meeting is on September 1st.
- Rankings & Positions: “He finished in third place.”
- Instructions & Steps: “Read the first paragraph.” / “The main office is on the third floor.”
6. Practice: Practical Numbers
Your Task: Write the number in words or solve the problem based on the context. Remember to use Cardinal or Ordinal rules as necessary.
- Age: My grandmother is 87. → ________
- Price: The total bill is $45.20. → ________
- Sequence: We live on the 23rd floor. → ________
- Math: Seventy minus nineteen equals → ________
- Date: The date for the party is the 12th. → ________